Valve



Nov. 28, 1950 A. J. WOLF ETAL VALVE 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct. 21, 1947 A.J. WOLF H.F. MOLLER WM. CROOK V INVENTORS XAV'W ATTORNEYS Nov. 28, 1950 A. J. WOLF ETAL 2,531,759

' VALVE Filed Oct. 21, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 l5 l5 I 26 34 l2. l2 5 I2 32 4| j 43 5- 9 4 1 Q -4() 22 :9- 47 7 -s 23 G ATTORNEYS Nov. 28, 1950 A. J. WOLF ET'AL 2,531,759

VALVE Filed Oct. 21, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 A.J.WOLF I'LE MOLLER W.M.CROOK INVENTOR. f BY ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 28, 1950 VALVE An rew J- l Henr M ler, and William Mt Crook, Houston, Tex., assignors to Reed Roller 491 157, HQHSWD; T xt, a ernc t n of Application October 21, 1947;, Serial No. 781,040

This invention relates to valves and has for i en hi t he pro eieh o ef iehtl ly manutet t d val s ruc u e f he 21 18 valve type.

More specifically, it is an, object of this inven: t n o provide a vel oi he lu a e ty e in which the closure and seat parts are moved directly away trom each other before being moved laterally with respect to each other in h open Qt the alve- Ah ther ob ect is to prov e a al e in h c t c o re and s a p ts e it v y a d mechanically moved directly toward and away f tem: h o her he lesihe and o ening epe a i h v A o her hi e s ta mfqvi e a valv in whie her is no sli ihe eon aet of the e n su a es ver c ot er ur ng h open g a d los n of the valve.

noth r Q eetis to provid a valve mp oyin on posi iv m hani l mov n w h he nee ssi v orprine flow hl et l mptnds o the k Another object is to provide a valve which will afiord two spaced closures each effective to pre: vent flow through the valve.

Another object is to provide a valve in which provision is made for closing ofi flow both into and irom the valve in both directions.

Another obj hi n en io s o pre d a valve in which mechanical forces are exerted eeh of w clo u mem r to l se f ew at ea f o aced p i t and in wh h h mechan cal f r es x rt d on a le ut embe to close the same ate provided by reaction against the other cl su e mem Another object to provide a valve structure in which the tolerances of dimensions to be ob; served in the manufacture and fitting oi the v lve par s ma e mu h r a r then must O ina y he ser e wi h ee ven on l va structures.

Another object. is to provide a valve structure in which both the valve seats and the closure members may be readily replaced Without. necess o a t e l ediu tm ts o m ke th m sea o and sea wi h e pect o each ther- Another object. is to p o ide a v ve structu e n ich fl d uh press re ma be dra ne fro he a e e e w en the va ve is losed.

Ano h r d e it o! m'ov de a valve tructure in whi h the stem Wh h e tet e he val e he r naehed h n he valv is in either then o closed posi i n and, whil t i u erpressure.

Ace h r ehiee s tor v. tide 2 in wh ch ew my ak Pla he et ueh with a minimum of turbulence.

Another object is to: provide a valve; structure in which the wear which takes; place on the variousI parts will have a minimum eftect on the operation of the valve;

Qther objects and advantages of this; invention will become apparent from the following desc -ip tion taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein certain embodiments have been et forth y Way not il he ta ien nd exam e- In the drawings:

Fi ure 1 is a w a t n side evation nd part n er e l o s e on us ra in a valv n t u te n ee rden e th t is nvention w the parts PWPYi'D t t n e tieh wh h th occupy when the valve is closed.

Figure 2 is a view likewise partly in elevation and partly in vertical cross section taken along the line 2+2 of Figure. 1.

Figure 3 is a view partially in top plan and partially in horizontal cross section taken along the ine -4 0i Figure Figure 4; is a fragmentary horizontal cross sec;- t eh s m lar to he right h d o t e o F u 3 and showing the valve parts in open position,

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 but showing the valve. housing only, one valve seat and one closure being indicated in dotted lines in closed position Figure 6 is a view of the inside of the valve bonnet forming a part of the structure shown in Figure 1.

Fi u e i a ex lode pe p cti e ew cf. he valve carrier and closure assembly,

v'i hre 8 e e h r es c ion ta en l n he ine 8- oi F u e Figure 9 is an exploded perspective view of a hed eel form of losure and hol asse b shav n the tw assemb es m o i a in elv t itef erring more in detail to the drawings, the velv t comprise g nerall t ho s e hennet 2, the carrier 3, the removable valve seat eiements 6, the closure members 5, the closure lugs 6 a d. the r in tem The valv ho s ng is. rov d t n et and outlet openings 8 and 9' either of which may erv as he l t an e th r he he utle n he. heu he s open a ts u erit hi QR k ins heme e eeetl b the hhh t 1. hen he alv s assembled valve he sih he nr vide l with any ehit hle m ehe e t ehhl he': it it inle an ou et pipes or other conduits, the means illustrated in the present instance being in the form of flanges I and H adapted to be bolted to corresponding flanges on the intake and outlet pipes or conduits.

The inlet and outlet openings are provided with threaded zones I2 adjacent the interior of the housing for the purpose of receiving the valve seat members 4 which are merely threaded into place until they seat firmly within their threaded portions of the housing.

The lower interior of the housing is provided with a countersunk portion I 3 which provides both a bearing for the lower reduced end part I4 of the carrier 3 and the major portion of a guide for the lower ends of the closure lugs 6, which thus form guide followers, as will be presently more fully explained. In each of its three sides the housing is provided with a central boss I5 which may if desired be tapped for the purpose of receiving a drain cock or plug whereby the valve housing may be drained under circumstances which will hereinafter be set forth.

The upper open side of the valve housing is machined to provide a seat I6 upon which may be disposed a gasket I? for forming a seal between the bonnet 2 and the housing I. The portion of the housing surrounding the opening into which the bonnet fits is provided with a plurality of marginal holes I8 adapted to receive studs I9 which together with nuts 23 provide means for securing the bonnet in place on the housing.

The inner surface of the bonnet, like the inner bottom portion of the housing is countersunk at 2| to provide a bearing for the reduced upper end portion 22 of the carrier 3 and also to provide a guide for the upper ends of the closure lugs 6, which also serve as guide followers.

The countersunk portions I3 and 2| are radially enlarged as shown at 23 and 24 respectively, directly opposite the inlet and outlet openings 8 and- 9. These enlargements provide minor guide portions for the closure lugs 6 so that whereas when the closures are in any position except a position directly in register with the valve seat members 4 in the inlet and outlet openings they will be held by the major guide portions I3 and 2| cooperating with the closure lugs 6 out of engagement with the valve seats and the walls of the housing, when they are'directly in register with the inlet and outlet openings they will be permitted to move toward the inlet and outlet openings, respectively, and seat against the seat members 4 in such openings.

The carrier 3 as above mentioned is rotatably mounted within the housing, the parts I and 22 fitting loosely in rotatable fashion within the countersunk portions I3 and ZI respectively. This carrier has an opening 25 intermediate its ends extending diametrically through the carrier and of substantially the same size and shape as the inlet and outlet openings 8 and 9, and being so arranged that when the carrier is in open position substantially non-turbulent flow will be permitted through the inlet and outlet openings of the housing and the opening 25 through the carrier.

On each of its opposite sides the bearing portions land 22 of the carrier are relieved so that the closure lugs 6 carrying the closures 5 may be placed snugly against the carrier with the ends of the closure lugs 6 fitting within the relieved portions of the bearings M and 22 on the carrier and within the regular contour of such bearings.

Thus'when the closure lugs are disposed snugly against the carrier the ends of these logs W ll lie within the regular contour of the bearing portions I4 and 22 of the carrier and will rotate with the carrier within the major guide surfaces provided by the countersinks I3 and 2|, respectively. When in this snugly engaged position with respect to the carrier and when held in this position by the major guide portions provided by the countersinks I3 and 2|, the closure lugs will hold the closures 5 radially inwardly and out of engagement with the inner walls of the housing I so that the carrier may be rotated and the closures thus shifted without any engagement whatever between the closures and the housing.

When the carrier is rotated to closed position, however, and the closures 5 move to the position where they are directly in register with the seats provided on the seat members 4, the ends of the carrier lugs will then be opposite the notched or cut-away minor guide portions 23 and 24, respectively, so that they and the closures will no longer be restrained against radial movement with respect to the carrier and may move directly toward such valve seats until they seat thereagainst. In order that these closures might be stopped in substantially true register with the seat members 4, the housing is provided on one side of each of the inlet and outlet openings with projections 26 adapted to engage one edge of each of the closures respectively as they are rotated toward closed position, and stop their movement at the proper point with the ends of the closure lugs 6, overlying the minor guide portions 23 and 24.

Further movement of the carrier in the direction required to close the valve will produce a fast acting cam or large angle wedging engagement between cooperating cam surfaces provided by the lugs 21 on the carrier and the inclined central portions 21a on the closure lugs on the sides directly opposite the seating surfaces on the closures. This wedging engagement will rapidly move both of the closure lugs radially outwardly with respect to the carrier and with respect to the housing until the closures 5 seat against the seats provided by the seat members 4. The parts are so proportioned that at about the time the closures 5 contact their respective seats, the extremities of the surfaces 21 and 21a will slip past each other whereupon the eccentric cam surfaces 211) on the carrier will engage the surfaces 210 on the closures. The surfaces 271: being eccentric with respect to the axis of the carrier but only slightly so, they will serve as small angle wedges and upon further rotation of the carrier will tightly wedge the closures .5 against their seats. The seating surfaces on the seat members 4 and the closures 5 are preferably made spherical so that a perfect seating engagement will be had without regard to the exact angular disposition of the closures 5 when they engage the seat members 4, but certain circumstances may render it expedient to make one, or possibly even both of these surfaces nonspherical.

It is to be noted that since the bearing engagement between the bearing parts I4 and 22 of the carrierand the countersinks I3 and 2| of the housing and bonnet are made very loose, the carrier may be regarded as having a limited floating movement which will permit it upon the wedging engagement with the closure just described to shift slightly in one direction or the other if necessaryin order that it may apply an equal mechanical force to each of the closures.

E Thin it ll e Sl1 that the forces applied to the two. closures are balanced against, each, other and that the force appliedto each closure is provided by the reaction from the. force applied to the other closure.

It will further be seen that there. is a positive mechanical action forcing both closures aga nst their seats and that regardless of, the direction of flow through the valve or even if there be no flow through the valve both. closures will be, moved into sealing engagement with their seats. This. makes it. possible. if desired to drain the fluid under pressure from the housing between. the two. closures by means of a drain cock or plug hereinbefore referred to. It also makes it possible if desired for any purpose to completely remove the bonnet 2 and all parts carried, thereby when the valve is in closed position.

Referring now more in detail to the bonnet and the parts carried thereby, it will be seenthat there is disposed in. the lower part, of thisbonnet a combined sealing and bearing ring 28.. resting against a radial flange 28a that extends about an opening passing up through the center of the bonnet. Above the flange zBcis a. portion of enlarged diameter 29: providing a. stuffing box adapted to receive suitable. packing 3.51, and pr vision is made by means. of the gland 31, gland follower 32 and bolts and nuts 33 and 34, respectively, to compress. such packing. The bolts 33. may be anchored to. the bonnet. in any suitable manner as by the cars. 35 made integral with the bonnet and pins 35. providing a pivotal connection between the bolts 33, and the ears 35. If desired a perforated spacer 31. may be placed between the various packing rings 39 and a threaded port with closure plug 38 provided for affording access to this spacer.

The valve stem 1 has; on its 1ower end an enlargement 40, the upper surface of which is adapted to engage the ring 28 and provide a seal against leakage about the stemat all times while the valve is under pressure. This makes it possible at. any time to. remove the packing rings 33} and replace them, and this may be; done whether the valve is in open position or in closed position.

The; upper end of the carrier is provided with a slot H extending diametrically thereacross insubstantial alignment with the cam lugs 21,, and the inner end of the. stem. is; provided with a key-like projection 42 adapted to fit within the slot H so as to transmit rotary motion from the stem to the carrier. It will be seen that when the carrier is. in closed position the disposition of this slot and key will also permit the carrier to float or move slightly toward one closure or the other in the manner hereinbefore described.

The bonnet 2 is provided above the stuffing box portion 29 with a pair of spaced upstanding arms '33 which support a bearing 44 adjacent the upper or outer end of the stem. Projecting upwardly from this bearing portion are a pair of stops. 15 adapted to be engaged by lugs 46 on a collar 41 secured to the upper end portion of the stem and limit rotation of the stem an opening direction, thus determining the open position of the valve carrier and closure. Also, the part of the bonnet carrying the bearing M is provided with slightly raised cam-like projections. 58 onits upper surface, these being adapted to receive cooperating projections 49 on the lower surface of the collar ii, whereby when the valve is moved to open position the projections cc and 49 will engage each other and lift the stem. into. tight sealing engage ment with the. ring 28.

The stem may be rotated byany suitable. wheel.

rench or; the, like secured on its upper end. as; indicated diagrammatically at, 50.

In Eigure. 9. of the drawing is. shown a. slightly modified form of valve closure, and closure lug. arrangement. In. this. form the closure lugs and; closures are made of separate parts, the closures being indicated by the numeral 55. and theclosure lu s by the numeral 56. The closure lugs are identical with the closure; lugs 6 except that, instead of being made integral. with the closures; they are provided with integral threaded stem parts 51 and the closures are provided with threaded centrally disposed openings 58 extending from their rear surfaces. By the use of suitable washer 59 andlock washers 6.0 theclosures 55 may be readily threadedly joined to the closure lugs. 56; in a manner which will make it possible for theclosures to be readilyremoved and replaced without necessity for changing the closure lugs. Furthermore, this construction makes possible the manufacture of the closures out of a difierent. material having different wear resistant characteristics from. the; closure lugs.

It is: thought that the operation of the valve illi-istrated in the. drawings by way of example will be clear from the foregoing description and the drawings. It. is noted, however, that if it be assumed that. the valve is initially in the open position as illustrated in Figure 4- 02 the drawthe closure lugs will be held in position retracted toward the center of rotation of the carrier and out Qt contact entirely with the walls of housing virtue of the engagement between the outer end portions of the closure lugs and the. cpuntersinlrs i3 and 2-i. This engagement will also, hold the closures 5 in retracted position so, that there is no contact between these closures the walls; of the housing,

It; When the valve is in this position it is in use and? connected to a source of fluid under pressure the entire interior of the valve housing wilt of course be: subjected to the pressure of such fluid. Fluid flow may take place, however, without turbulence through the inlet and outlet.

1 openings and through the opening 25 in the carrier; because this opening when in this position will be direct alignment with the inlet and outlet; openings and it is contemplated by the desi n of: this valve that this opening will be of substantially the same cross, sectional size and shape as the inlet and outlet openings of the housing. This may be varied somewhat for diiferent izes of valves; but in general the design illustrated and described will permit of an opening through the carrier of such position and size that substantially non-turbulent flow may take place through the. valve. The open position of the carrier is determined as hereinbefore stated by the stops &5 and lugs 55 and this will of course be; adjusted so that. the opening through the carrier when in its open position will be properly aligned with the inlet and outlet openings. It will also; be apparent that with the interior of the, housing under pressure the valve stem 1 will be urged by such pressure tightly against the sealing ring 23; so as to. provide a seal about the valve stem in addition to the seal afforded by the packing rings 33., Thus, even through the valve be open under pressure, the sealing rings 35: may be removed and replaced while the ring 28 holds the pressure from leaking about the. stem.

When it is desired te close the valve, the wrench or wheel 59 isrotated, usually toward the right, and the. inn r engagement; of the cam-1i ke.s1l

faces 21 and 21a, will eXert a force on the closures and closure lugs tending to move them both circumferentially and radially outwardly. Radially outward movement will be prevented, however, by the engagement of the ends of the closure lugs 6 with the walls of the countersinks l3 and 2|. Consequently only circumferential or rotary movement of the lugs will take place and this will take place without engagement of the closures with the housing or any part that does not move.

When closing movement of the stem and carrier has proceeded to such a point that the 010- sures are in substantial register with the inlet and outlet openings but still not in engagement with the seat members 4, the closures will engage the stops 26 and the circumferential or rotary movement of the closures and closure lugs will thereupon be arrested. When in this position, however, the ends of the closure lugs will be in alignment with the cut-away minor guide portions 23 and 2 3 so that the closure lugs and closures will no longer be restrained against radially outward movement, and further rotary movement of the carrier will cause the large angle wedging or fast acting cam surfaces 27 and Zia to rapidly move the closure lugs and closures radially outwardly until the closures engage or substantially engage the seat members 4. Continued rotary movement of the carrier will cause the small angle wedge surfaces 27b to engage the surfaces Zic on the closures and force the same tightly against their seats. For the reasons hereinbefore explained the forces exerted on the respective closures by the carrier urging them against their respective seat members, will be exactly balanced and both closures will be firmly seated.

When the valve is in this position the interior of the housing will of course still be under pressure but this pressure may be removed if desired by mean of the removal of a suitable drain plug or the opening of a suitable drain cock located as hereinbefore described. With such pressure removed no forces will be acting upon the bonnet 2 nor the parts carried thereby and it is therefore apparent that the bonnet and the parts which it carries may be removed entirely from the valve and any parts thereof repaired or replaced. The carrier 3 and the valve seat members closures 5 and the closure lugs 6 must of course remain in place in the valve housing during this time.

If it is not desired to drain the pressure from the housing or if no provision has been made therefor, it is still possible to remove and replace the packing rings 3% in the manner above described the same as when the valve is in open position;

In order to guard against the possibility of a leak occurring around the stem when pressure is first turned into the valve housing after the same has been free of pressure, the inter-engaging cam lugs 48 and 49 are provided, and will serve to force the stem outwardly until the flange 40 is in tight engagement with the ring 28 as the valve is moved toward its closed position.

When it is desired to open the valve after it has been closed, the stem is rotated in the opposite direction or usually to the left. The first movement of the valve carrier which is produced by this movement of the stem serves to relieve t 1e engagement between the cam surfaces 2% and 270 by which the mechanical closing pressure is applied to the closures 5, and further movement serves to engage the hook shaped projections 5| on the carrier with the end portions of the closure lugs E, exerting a force on such closure lugs tending both to draw them radially inwardly toward the carrier and at the same time to move them circumferentially with the carrier. Initially circumferential movement of the closure lugs and closures is prevented by engagement of the closure lugs in the minor guide portions 23 and 24 so that the initial movement of the closure lugs and closures will be radially inwardly toward the carrier and directly away from the valve seat members t until the closure lugs and closures have been moved in far enough to disengage the ends of the closure lugs from the minor guide portions 23 and 24 and permit them to move into the major guide portions provided by the countersinks l3 and 2|. Radially inward movement of the lugs and closure members will thereupon cease and the lugs and closure members will thereafter be moved circumferentially with the carrier until movement of the carrier is stopped by inter-engagement of the stop members 45 and lugs 45 as hereinbefore described.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that there has been provided by this invention a means whereby all of the objects and advantages of the invention may be accomplished. It is further apparent that while certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein and shown in the drawings, the same are illustrative only and the invention is limited only by the prior art and by the terms of the appended claims.

Having described our invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a valve, a valve housing having inlet and outlet openings in opposite sides thereof, a closure adapted to seat against each of said openings to close the same and having guide followers thereon, said housing having guide surfaces each with a. major part to receive one of said guide followers and hold said closures out of contact with said housing wall except when said closures are directly in register with said openings respectively, and each of said guide surfaces having a cutaway minor part to receive said guide followers respectively and permit said guide followers and closures to move toward said housing wall and openings when said closures are directly in register with said openings to seat said closures against and close said openings, and a carrier rotatable in said housing to engage said guide followers and move the same along said guide surfaces to and from closed positions.

2. In a valve, a valve housing having inlet and outlet openings in opposite sides thereof, a closure adapted to seat against each of said openings to close the same and having guide followers thereon, said housing having guide surfaces each with a major part to receive one of said guide followers and hold said closures out of contact with said housing wall except when said closures are directly in register with said openings respectively, and each of said guide surfaces hav ing a cut-away minor part to receive said guide followers respectively and permit said guide followers and closures to move toward said housing wall and openings when said closures are directly in register with said openings to seat said closures against and close said openings, and a carrier having bearing parts rctatably and floatingly mounted in the major parts of guide surfaces, said bearing parts being relieved to re ceive said guide followers and said carrier having parts to engage said guide followers and move the same along said guide surface to and from closed positions.

3. In a valve, a housing having inlet and outlet openings therein, a closure adapted to sent over and close one of said openings and having a guide follower thereon, said housing having a guide surface comprising a major part to receive said guide follower and hold said closure out of contact with said housing wall except when said closwe is directly in register with said opening and a cut-away minor part to receive said guide follower and permit said guide follower and closure to move toward said housing wall and opening when said closure is directly in register with said opening, whereby to seat said closure against and close said opening, and a carrier rotatable in said housing and having parts adapted to engage a part of said guide follower and move said follower along said guide surface to and from closed position.

4. In a valve, a housing having inlet and outlet openings therein, a closure adapted to seat over and close one of said openings and having a guide follower thereon, said housing having a guide surface comprising a major part to receive said guide follower and hold said closure out of contact with said housing wall except when said closure is directly in register with said opening and a cut-away minor part to receive said guide follower and permit said guide follower and closure to move toward said housing wall and opening when said closure is directly in register with said opening, whereby to seat said closure against and close said opening, and a carrier rotatable in said housing and having a part adapted to engage a part of said guide follower and move said follower along said guide surface to and from closed position, said housing having a stop carried thereby adapted to stop said closure when it is moved into register with said opening, and said carrier and closure having cooperating wedging surfaces thereon for wedging said closure against said opening when said closure is stopped by said stop in register with said opening and rotary movement of said carrier is thereafter continued.

5. In a valve, a housing having inlet and outlet openings therein, a closure adapted to seat over and close one of said openings and having a guide follower thereon, said housing having a guide surface comprising a major part to receive said guide follower and hold said closure out of contact with said housing wall except when said closure is directly in register with said opening and a cutaway minor part to receive said guide follower and permit said guide follower and closure to move toward said housing wall and opening when said closure is directly in register with said opening, whereby to seat said closure against and close said opening, and a carrier rotatable in said housing and having parts adapted to engage a part of said guide follower and move said follower along said guide surface to and from closed position, said closure and guide follower being in loose engagement with said carrier and having limited movement independently of said carrier.

6. In a valve housing having inlet and outlet openings, a closure adapted to seat against one of said openings to close the same, a carrier within said housing having a wedge surface adapted upon movement of said carrier in one direction to engage said closure to force it toward the opening it is adapted to close, said wedge surface being formed of two parts, the one being a large angle wedge surface adapted to initially engage and force said closure rapidly toward the opening which it is adapted to close, and the other being a small angle wedge surface to subsequently engage said closure and wedge it tightly against the opening it is adapted to close, and means for moving said carrier in said one direction.

'7. In a valve, a valve housing having inlet and outlet openings in opposite sides thereof, a closure adapted to seat against each opening to close the same, a carrier between said closures having wedge surfaces adapted upon movement of said carrier in one direction to engage each of said closures to force them toward the openings they are adapted to close re pectively, each of said wedge surfaces comprising two parts, the one providing a large angle wedging surface to initially engage and force said closure rapidly toward the opening it is adapted to close, and the other being a relatively small angle wedge part to subsequently engage said closure and wedge it tightly against the opening it is adapted to close, and means for moving said carrier in said one direction.

8. In a valve, a valve housing having inlet and outlet openings in opposite sides thereof, a closure adapted to seat against each opening to close the same, a carrier floatingly mounted between said openings for limited floating movement toward and from each opening and having wedging surfaces on opposite sides thereof adapted upon movement of said carrier in one direction to engage said closures respectively to force them toward the openings they are adapted to close respectively and to balance against each other the forces exerted upon said closures, said wedging surfaces each consisting of two parts, the one part providing a relatively large angle wedging surface to initially engage and force its closure rapidly toward the opening it is adapted to close. and the other providing a relatively small angle wedging surface to subsequently engage said closure and wedge it tightly against the opening it is adapted to close, and means for moving said carrier in said one direction.

ANDREW J. WOLF. HENRY F. MULLER. WTLLIAM M. CROOK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 217,954 Perkins July 29, 1879 330,800 Pattee Nov. 17, 1885 524,922 Walsh Aug. 21, 1894 627,140 Powell June 20, 1899 791,173 Anglim May 30, 1905 1,995,491 Wynkoop Mar. 26, 1935 2,007,664 Shaffer July 9, 1935 2,306,502 Rupe Dec. 29, 1942 2,385,993 Johnson Oct. 2, 1945 

